R
E V E L A T I O N
CHAP. XIV.
After
an account of the great trials and sufferings which the servants of God had
endured, we have now a more pleasant scene opening; the day begins now to
dawn, and here we have represented, I. The Lord Jesus at the head of his
faithful followers, ver. 1-5. II. Three angels sent successively to proclaim
the fall of Babylon and the things antecedent and consequent to so
great an event, ver. 6-13. III. The vision of the harvest, ver. 14, &c.
|
The
Lamb and His Attendants.
|
A. D. 95.
|
|
|
1 And I looked, and, lo, a Lamb stood on the
mount
Sion
, and with him a hundred forty and four
thousand, having his Father's name written in their foreheads. 2
And I heard a voice from heaven, as the voice of many waters, and as the voice
of a great thunder: and I heard the voice of harpers harping with their
harps: 3 And they sung as it were a new song before the throne,
and before the four beasts, and the elders: and no man could learn that song
but the hundred and forty and four thousand, which were redeemed
from the earth. 4 These are they which were not defiled with
women; for they are virgins. These are they which follow the Lamb
whithersoever he goeth. These were redeemed from among men, being the
firstfruits unto God and to the Lamb. 5 And in their mouth was
found no guile: for they are without fault before the throne of God.
Here we have one of the most pleasing sights that can be viewed in this
world--the Lord Jesus Christ at the head of his faithful adherents and
attendants. Here observe, 1. How Christ appears: as a Lamb standing upon
mount
Zion
.
Mount
Zion
is the gospel church. Christ is with his church and in the midst of her in all
her troubles, and therefore she is not consumed. It is his presence that
secures her perseverance; he appears as a Lamb, a true Lamb, the Lamb of
God. A counterfeit lamb is mentioned as rising out of the earth in the
last chapter, which was really a dragon; here Christ appears as the true
paschal Lamb, to show that his mediatorial government is the fruit of his
sufferings, and the cause of his people's safety and fidelity. 2. How his
people appear: very honourably. (1.) As to the numbers, they are many, even
all who are sealed; not one of them lost in all the tribulations through which
they have gone. (2.) Their distinguishing badge: they had the name of God
written in their foreheads; they made a bold and open profession of their
faith in God and Christ, and, this being followed by suitable actings, they
are known and approved. (3.) Their congratulations and songs of praise, which
were peculiar to the redeemed (v. 3); their praises were loud as
thunder, or as the voice of many waters; they were melodious, as of
harpers; they were heavenly, before the throne of God. The song
was new, suited to the new covenant, and unto that new and gracious
dispensation of Providence under which they now were; and their song was a
secret to others, strangers intermeddled not with their joy; others
might repeat the words of the song, but they were strangers to the true sense
and spirit of it. (4.) Their character and description. [1.] They are
described by their chastity and purity: They are virgins. They had not
defiled themselves either with corporal or spiritual adultery; they had kept
themselves clean from the abominations of the antichristian generation. [2.]
By their loyalty and stedfast adherence to Christ: They follow the Lamb
withersoever he goes; they follow the conduct of his word, Spirit, and
providence, leaving it to him to lead them into what duties and difficulties
he pleases. [3.] By their former designation to this honour: These were
redeemed from among men, being the first-fruits to God, and to the Lamb, v.
4. Here is plain evidence of a special redemption: They were redeemed from
among men. Some of the children of men are, by redeeming mercy,
distinguished from others: They were the first-fruits to God, and to the
Lamb, his choice ones, eminent in every grace, and the earnest of many
more who should be followers of them, as they were of Christ. [4.] By
their universal integrity and conscientiousness: There was no guile found
in them, and they were without fault before the throne of God. They
were without any prevailing guile, any allowed fault; their hearts were right
with God, and, as for their human infirmities, they were freely pardoned in
Christ. This is the happy remnant who attend upon the Lord Jesus as their head
and Lord; he is glorified in them, and they are glorified in him.
|
The
Three Angels.
|
A. D. 95.
|
|
|
6 And I saw another angel fly in the midst of
heaven, having the everlasting gospel to preach unto them that dwell on the
earth, and to every nation, and kindred, and tongue, and people, 7
Saying with a loud voice, Fear God, and give glory to him; for the hour of his
judgment is come: and worship him that made heaven, and earth, and the sea,
and the fountains of waters. 8 And there followed another angel,
saying, Babylon is fallen, is fallen, that great city, because she made all
nations drink of the wine of the wrath of her fornication. 9 And
the third angel followed them, saying with a loud voice, If any man worship
the beast and his image, and receive his mark in his forehead, or in
his hand, 10 The same shall drink of the wine of the wrath of God,
which is poured out without mixture into the cup of his indignation; and he
shall be tormented with fire and brimstone in the presence of the holy angels,
and in the presence of the Lamb: 11 And the smoke of their torment
ascendeth up for ever and ever: and they have no rest day nor night, who
worship the beast and his image, and whosoever receiveth the mark of his
name. 12 Here is the patience of the saints: here are they
that keep the commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus.
In this part of the chapter we have three angels or messengers sent from
heaven to give notice of the fall of Babylon, and of those things that were
antecedent and consequent to that great event.
I. The first angel was sent on an errand antecedent to it, and that was to
preach the everlasting gospel, v. 6, 7. Observe, 1. The gospel is
an everlasting gospel; it is so in its nature, and it will be so in its
consequences. Though all flesh be grass, the word of the Lord endureth for
ever. 2. It is a work fit for an angel to preach this everlasting gospel; such
is the dignity, and such is the difficulty of that work! And yet we have this
treasure in earthen vessels. 3. The everlasting gospel is of great concern to
all the world; and, as it is the concern of all, it is very much to be desired
that it should be made known to all, even to every nation, and kindred, and
tongue, and people. 4. The gospel is the great means whereby men are
brought to fear God, and to give glory to him. Natural religion is not
sufficient to keep up the fear of God, nor to secure to him glory from men; it
is the gospel that revives the fear of God, and retrieves his glory in the
world. 5. When idolatry creeps into the churches of God, it is by the
preaching of the gospel, attended by the power of the Holy Spirit, that men
are turned from idols to serve the living God, as the Creator of the
heaven, and the earth, and the sea, and the fountains of waters, v.
7. To worship any God besides him who created the world is idolatry.
II. The second angel follows the other, and proclaims the actual fall of
Babylon. The preaching of the everlasting gospel had shaken the foundations of
antichristianism in the world, and hastened its downfall. By Babylon is
generally understood Rome, which was before called Sodom and Egypt,
for wickedness and cruelty, and is now first called Babylon, for pride
and idolatry. Observe, 1. What God has fore-ordained and foretold shall be
done as certainly as if it were done already. 2. The greatness of the papal
Babylon will not be able to prevent her fall, but will make it more dreadful
and remarkable. 3. The wickedness of Babylon, in corrupting, debauching, and
intoxicating the nations round about her, will make her fall just and will
declare the righteousness of God in her utter ruin, v. 8. Her crimes
are recited as the just cause of her destruction.
III. A third angel follows the other two, and gives warning to all of that
divine vengeance which would overtake all those that obstinately adhered to
the antichristian interest after God had thus proclaimed its downfall, v.
9, 10. If after this (this threatening denounced against Babylon, and in part
already executed) any should persist in their idolatry, professing subjection
to the beast and promoting his cause, they must expect to drink deep of the
wind of the wrath of God; they shall be forever miserable in soul and
body; Jesus Christ will inflict this punishment upon them, and the holy angels
will behold it and approve of it. Idolatry, both pagan and papal, is a damning
sin in its own nature, and will prove fatal to those who persist in it, after
fair warning given by the word of Providence; those who refuse to come out of
Babylon, when thus called, and resolve to partake of her sins, must receive of
her plagues; and the guilt and ruin of such incorrigible idolaters will serve
to set forth the excellency of the patience and obedience of the saints. These
graces shall be rewarded with salvation and glory. When the treachery and
rebellion of others shall be punished with everlasting destruction, then it
will be said, to the honour of the faithful (v. 12): Here is the
patience of the saints; you have before seen their patience exercised, now
you see it rewarded.
|
The Harvest and the Vintage.
|
A. D. 95.
|
|
|
13 And I heard a voice from heaven saying unto
me, Write, Blessed are the dead which die in the Lord from henceforth:
Yea, saith the Spirit, that they may rest from their labours; and their works
do follow them. 14 And I looked, and behold a white cloud, and
upon the cloud one sat like unto the Son of man, having on his head a
golden crown, and in his hand a sharp sickle. 15 And another angel
came out of the temple, crying with a loud voice to him that sat on the cloud,
Thrust in thy sickle, and reap: for the time is come for thee to reap; for the
harvest of the earth is ripe. 16 And he that sat on the cloud
thrust in his sickle on the earth; and the earth was reaped. 17
And another angel came out of the temple which is in heaven, he also having a
sharp sickle. 18 And another angel came out from the altar, which
had power over fire; and cried with a loud cry to him that had the sharp
sickle, saying, Thrust in thy sharp sickle, and gather the clusters of the
vine of the earth; for her grapes are fully ripe. 19 And the angel
thrust in his sickle into the earth, and gathered the vine of the earth, and
cast it into the great winepress of the wrath of God. 20
And the winepress was trodden without the city, and blood came out of the
winepress, even unto the horse bridles, by the space of a thousand and
six hundred furlongs.
Here we have the vision of the harvest and vintage, introduced with a solemn
preface. Observe,
I. The preface, v. 13. Here note, 1. Whence this prophecy about the
harvest came: it came down from heaven, and not from men, and therefore it is
of certain truth and great authority. 2. How it was to be preserved and
published--by writing; it was to be a matter of record, that the people of God
might have recourse to it for their support and comfort upon all occasions. 3.
What it principally intended, and that is, to show the blessedness of all the
faithful saints and servants of God, both in death and after death: Blessed
are the dead that die in the Lord from henceforth, &c. Here observe,
(1.) The description of those that are and shall be blessed--such as die in
the Lord, either die in the cause of Christ, or rather die in a state of vital
union with Christ, such as are found in Christ when death comes. (2.) The
demonstration of this blessedness: They rest from their labours, and their
works do follow them. [1.] They are blessed in their rest; they rest from
all sin, temptation, sorrow, and persecution. There the wicked cease from
troubling, there the weary are at rest. [2.] They are blessed in their
recompence: Their works follow them; they do not go before them as
their title, or price of purchase, but follow them as their evidence of having
lived and died in the Lord; and the memory of them will be pleasant, and the
reward glorious, far above the merit of all their services and sufferings.
[3.] They are happy in the time of their dying, when they have lived to see
the cause of God reviving, the peace of the church returning, and the wrath of
God falling upon their idolatrous cruel enemies. Such times are good times to
die in; they have Simeon's desire: Now, Lord, let thou thy servant depart
in peace, for mine eyes have seen thy salvation. And all this is ratified
and confirmed by the testimony of the Spirit witnessing with their spirits and
with the written word.
II. We have the vision itself, represented by a harvest and a vintage.
1. By a harvest (v. 14, 15), an emblem that sometimes signifies the
cutting down of the wicked, when ripe for ruin, by the judgments of God, and
sometimes the gathering in of the righteous, when ripe for heaven, by the
mercy of God. This seems rather to represent God's judgments against the
wicked: and here observe,
(1.) The Lord of the harvest--one so like unto the Son of man that he
was the same, even the Lord Jesus, who is described, [1.] By the chariot in
which he sat--a white cloud, a cloud that had a bright side turned to
the church, how dark soever it might be to the wicked. [2.] By the ensign of
his power: On his head was a golden crown, authority to do all that he
did and whatsoever he would do. [3.] By the instrument of his providences: In
his hand a sharp sickle. [4.] By the solicitations he had from the temple
to perform this great work. What he did, he was desired to do by his people;
and, though he was resolved to do it, he would for this thing be sought unto
by them, and so it should be in return to their prayers.
(2.) The harvest-work, which is, to thrust the sickle into the corn, and reap
the field. The sickle is the sword of God's justice; the field is the world;
reaping is cutting the inhabitants of the earth down and carrying them off.
(3.) The harvest-time; and this is when the corn is ripe, when the measure of
the sin of men is filled up, and they are ripe for destruction. The most
inveterate enemies of Christ and his church are not destroyed till by their
sin they are ripe for ruin, and then he will spare them no longer; he will
thrust in his sickle, and the earth shall be reaped.
2. By a vintage, v. 17. Some think that these two are only different
emblems of the same judgment; others that they refer to distinct events of
providence before the end of all things. Observe, (1.) To whom this
vintage-work was committed--to an angel, another angel that came out from
the altar, that is, from the holiest of all in heaven. (2.) At whose
request this vintage-work was undertaken: it was, as before, at the cry of an angel
out of the temple, the ministers and churches of God on earth. (3.) The
work of the vintage, which consists of two parts:-- [1.] The cutting off, and gathering,
the clusters of the vine, which were now ripe and ready, fully ripe,
v. 18. [2.] Casting these grapes into the wine-press (v.
19); here we are told, First, What was the wine-press: it was the
wrath of God, the fire of his indignation, some terrible calamity, very
probably the sword, shedding the blood of the wicked. Secondly, Where
was the place of the wine-press--without the city, where the army lay
that came against Babylon. Thirdly, The quantity of the wine, that is,
of the blood that was drawn forth by this judgment: it was, for depth, up to
the horses' bridles, and, for breadth and length, a thousand and six
hundred furlongs (v. 20); that is, say some, 200 Italian miles,
which is thought to be the measure of the holy land, and may be meant of the
patrimony of the holy see, encompassing the city of Rome. But here we are left
of doubtful conjectures. Perhaps this great event has not yet had its
accomplishment, but the vision is for an appointed time; and therefore,
though it may seem to tarry, we are to wait for it. But who shall live when
the Lord does this?
Contents
|
Next
Section
