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The Larger Catechism – Questions 141-150

 

 

Q. 141. What are the duties required in the eighth commandment?

A. The duties required in the eighth commandment are, truth, faithfulness, and justice in contracts and commerce between man and mana; rendering to every one his dueb; restitution of goods unlawfully detained from the right owners thereofc; giving and lending freely, according to our abilities, and the necessities of othersd; moderation of our judgments, wills, and affections concerning worldly goodse; a provident care and study to getf, keep, use, and dispose these things which are necessary and convenient for the sustentation of our nature, and suitable to our conditiong; a lawful callingh, and diligence in iti; frugalityk, avoiding unnecessary law-suitsl, and suretiship, or other like engagementsm; and an endeavour, by all just and lawful means, to procure, preserve, and further the wealth and outward estate of others, as well as our ownn.

 

a Ps.15:2,4; Zech.7:4,10; Zech.8:16,17 b Rom.13:7 c Lev.6:2-5 compared with Luke 19:8 d Luke 6:30,38; 1 John 3:17; Eph.4:28; Gal.6:10 e 1 Tim.6:6-9; Gal.6:14 f 1 Tim.5:8 g Prov.27:23-27; Eccl.2:24; Eccl.3:12,13; 1 Tim.6:17,18; Isa.38:1; Matt.11:8 h 1 Cor.7:20; Gen.2:15; Gen.3:19 i Eph.4:28; Prov.10:4 k John 6:12; Prov.21:20 l 1 Cor.6:1-9m Prov.6:1-6; Prov.11:15 n Lev.25:35; Deut.22:1-4; Exod.23:4,5; Gen.47:14,20; Phil.2:4; Matt.22:39

 

 

Q. 142. What are the sins forbidden in the eighth commandment?

A. The sins forbidden in the eighth commandment, besides the neglect of the duties requireda, are, theftb, robberyc, man-stealingd, and receiving any thing that is stolene; fraudulent dealingf, false weights and measuresg, removing land-marksh, injustice and unfaithfulness in contracts between man and mani, or in matters of trustk; oppressionl, extortionm, usuryn, briberyo, vexatious law-suitsp, unjust inclosures and depopulationsq; ingrossing commodities to enhance the pricer; unlawful callingss, and all other unjust or sinful ways of taking or withholding from our neighbour what belongs to him, or of enriching ourselvest; covetousnessu; inordinate prizing and affecting worldly goodsx; distrustful and distracting cares and studies in getting, keeping, and using themy; envying at the prosperity of othersz; as likewise idlenessa, prodigality, wasteful gaming; and all other ways whereby we do unduly prejudice our own outward estateb, and defrauding ourselves of the due use and comfort of that estate which God hath given usc.

 

a James 2:15,16; 1 John 3:17 b Eph.4:28 c Ps.62:10 d 1 Tim.1:10 e Prov.29:24; Ps.50:18 f 1 Thess.4:6 g Prov.20:10 h Deut.19:14; Prov.23:10 i Amos 8:5; Ps.37:21 k Luke 16:10-12 l Ezek.22:29; Lev.25:17 m Matt.23:25; Ezek.22:12 n Ps.15:5 o Job 15:34 p 1 Cor.6:6-8; Prov.3:29,30 q Isa.5:8; Micah 2:2 r Prov.11:26 s Acts 19:19,24,25 t Job 20:19; James 5:4; Prov.21:6 u Luke 12:15 x 1 Tim.6:5; Col.3:2; Prov.23:5; Ps.62:10 y Matt.6:25,31,34; Eccl.5:12 z Ps.73:3; Ps.37:1,7 a 2 Thess.3:11; Prov.18:9 b Prov. 23:21:17; Prov.23:20,21; Prov.28:19c Eccl.4:8; Eccl.6:2; 1 Tim.5:8

 

 

Q. 143. Which is the ninth commandment?

A. The ninth commandment is, Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighboura.

 

a Exod.20:16

 

 

Q. 144. What are the duties required in the ninth commandment?

A. The duties required in the ninth commandment are, the preserving and promoting of truth between man and mana, and the good name of our neighbour, as well as our ownb; appearing and standing for the truthc; and from the heartd, sincerelye, freelyf, clearlyg, and fullyh, speaking the truth, and only the truth, in matters of judgment and justicei, and in all other things whatsoeverk; a charitable esteem of our neighboursl; loving, desiring, and rejoicing in their good namem; sorrowing forn, and covering of their infirmitieso; freely acknowledging of their gifts and gracesp, defending their innocencyq; a ready receiving of a good reportr, and unwillingness to admit of an evil reports, concerning them; discouraging tale-bearerst, flatterersu, and slanderersx; love and care of our own good name, and defending it when need requirethy; keeping of lawful promisesz; studying and practising of whatsoever things are true, honest, lovely, and of good reporta.

 

a Zech.8:16 b 3 John 12 c Prov.31:8,9 d Ps.15:2 e 2 Chron.19:9 f 1 Sam.19:4,5 g Josh.7:19 h 2 Sam.14:18-20 i Lev.19:15; Prov.14:5,25 k 2 Cor.1:17,18; Eph.4:25 l Heb.6:9; 1 Cor.13:7 m Rom.1:8; 2 John 4; 3 John 3,4 n 2 Cor.2:4; 2 Cor.12:21 o Prov.17:9; 1 Pet.4:8 p 1 Cor.1:4,5,7; 2 Tim.1:4,5 q 1 Sam. 22:14 r 1 Cor.13:6,7 s Ps.15:3 t Prov.25:23 u Prov.26:24,25 x Ps.101:5 y Prov.22:1; John 8:49 z Ps.15:4 a Phil.4:8

 

 

Q. 145. What are the sins forbidden in the ninth commandment?

A. The sins forbidden in the ninth commandment are, all prejudicing the truth, and the good name of our neighbours, as well as our owna, especially in public judicatureb; giving false evidencec, suborning false witnessesd, wittingly appearing and pleading for an evil cause, out-facing and over-bearing the truthe; passing unjust sentencef, calling evil good, and good evil; rewarding the wicked according to the work of the righteous, and the righteous according to the work of the wickedg; forgeryh, concealing the truth, undue silence in a just causei, and holding our peace when iniquity calleth for either a reproof from ourselvesk, or complaint to othersl; speaking the truth unseasonablym, or maliciously to a wrong endn, or perverting it to a wrong meaningo, or in doubtful or equivocal expressions, to the prejudice of truth or justicep; speaking untruthq, lyingr, slanderings, backbitingt, detractingu, tale-bearingx, whisperingy, scoffingz, revilinga, rashb, harshc, and partial censuringd; misconstructing intentions, words, and actionse; flatteringf, vain-glorious boastingg, thinking or speaking too highly or too meanly of ourselves or othersh, denying the gifts and graces of Godi; aggravating smaller faultsk; hiding, excusing, or extenuating of sins, when called to a free confessionl; unnecessary discovering of infirmitiesm; raising false rumoursn, receiving and countenancing evil reportso, and stopping our ears against just defencep; evil suspicionq; envying or grieving at the deserved credit of anyr, endeavouring or desiring to impair its, rejoicing in their disgrace and infamyt; scornful contemptu, fond admirationx; breach of lawful promisesy; neglecting such things as are of good reportz, and practising, or not avoiding ourselves, or not hindering what we can in others, such things as procure an ill namea.

 

a 1 Sam.17:28; 2 Sam.16:3; 2 Sam.1:9,10,15,16 b Lev.19:15; Hab.1:4 c Prov.19:5; Prov.6:16,19 d Acts 6:13 e Jer.9:3,5; Acts 24:2,5; Ps.12:3,4; Ps.52:1-4 f Prov.17:15; 1 Kings 21:9-14 g Isa.5:23 h Ps.119:69; Luke 19:8; Luke 16:5-7 i Lev.5:1; Deut.13:8; Acts 5:3,8,9; 2 Tim.4:6 k 1 Kings 1:6; Lev.19:17 l Isa.59:4 m Prov.29:11 n 1 Sam.22:9,10 compared with Ps.52:title,1-5 o Ps.56:5; John 2:19 compared with Matt.26:60,61 p Gen.26:7,9 q Isa.59:13 r Lev.19:11; Col.3:9 s Ps.50:20 t Ps.15:3 u James 4:11; Jer.38:4 x Lev.19:16 y Rom.1:29,30 z Gen.21:9 compared with Gal.4:29 a 1 Cor.6:10 b Matt.7:1 c Acts 28:4 d Gen.38:24; Rom.2:1 e Neh.6:6-8; Rom.3:8; Ps.69:10; 1 Sam.1:13-15; 2 Sam.10:3 f Ps.12:2,3 g 2 Tim.3:2 h Luke 18:9,11; Rom.12:16; 1 Cor.4:6; Acts 12:22; Exod.4:10-14 i Job 27:5,6; Job 4:6 k Matt.7:3-5 l Prov.28:13; Prov.30:20; Gen.3:12,13; Jer.2:35; 2 Kings 5:25; Gen.4:9 m Gen.9:22; Prov.25:9,10 n Exod.23:1 o Prov.29:12 p Acts 7:56,57; Job 31:13,14 q 1 Cor.13:5; 1 Tim.6:4 r Num.11:29; Matt.21:15 s Ezra 4:12,13 t Jer.48:27 u Ps.35:15,16,21; Matt.27:28,29 x Jude 16; Acts 12:22 y Rom.1:31; 2 Tim.3:3 z 1 Sam.2:24 a 2 Sam.13:12,13; Prov.5:8,9; Prov.6:33

 

 

Q. 146. Which is the tenth commandment?

A. The tenth commandment is, Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his man-servant, nor his maid-servant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbour'sa.

 

a Exod.20:17

 

 

Q. 147. What are the duties required in the tenth commandment?

A. The duties required in the tenth commandment are, such a full contentment with our own conditiona, and such a charitable frame of the whole soul toward our neighbour, as that all our inward motions and affections touching him, tend unto, and further all that good which is hisb.

 

a Heb.13:5; 1 Tim.6:6 b Job 31:29; Rom.12:15; Ps.122:7-9; 1 Tim.1:5; Esth.10:3; 1 Cor.13:4-7

 

 

Q. 148. What are the sins forbidden in the tenth commandment?

A. The sins forbidden in the tenth commandment are, discontentment with our own estatea; envyingb and grieving at the good of our neighbourc, together with all inordinate motions and affections to any thing that is hisd.

 

a 1 Kings 21:4; Esth.5:13; 1 Cor.10:10 b Gal.5:26; James 3:14 ,16 c Ps.112:9,10; Neh.2:10 d Rom.7:7,8; Rom.13:9; Col.3:5; Deut.5:21

 

 

Q. 149. Is any man able perfectly to keep the commandments of God?

A. No man is able, either of himselfa, or by any grace received in this life, perfectly to keep the commandments of Godb; but doth daily break them in thoughtc, word, and deedd.

 

a James 3:2; John 15:5; Rom.8:3 b Eccl.7:20; 1 John 1:8,10; Gal.5:17; Rom.7:18,19 c Gen.6:5; Gen.8:21 d Rom.3:9-19; James 3:2-13

 

 

Q. 150. Are all transgressions of the law of God equally heinous in themselves, and in the sight of God?

A. All transgressions of the law of God are not equally heinous; but some sins in themselves, and by reason of several aggravations, are more heinous in the sight of God than othersa.

 

a John 19:11; Ezek.8:6,13,15; 1 John 5:16; Ps.78:17,32,56

 

 

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Larger Catechism (index)